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Strong Verbs
(Verbs that change their vowels.)
Class I
| Present | | Past
| |
| | wite | "to go" | wote | | witten
| | bite | "to bite" | bote | | bitten
| | slite | "to slit" | slote | | slitten
| | flite | "to dispute" | flote | | flitten
| | lite | "to gaze" | lote | | litten
| | nite | "to knock" | note | | nitten
| | thwite | "to hew" | thwote | | thwitten
| | shite | "to defecate" | shote | | shitten
| | drite | "to defecate" | drote | | dritten
| | atwite | "to reproach" | atwote | | atwitten
| | knide | "to beat" | knode | | knidden
| | glide | "to glide" | glode | | glidden
| | slide | "to slide" | slode | | slidden
| | gnide | "to rub" | gnode | | gnidden
| | lide | "to cover" | lode | | lidden
| | swive | "to swive" | swove | | swiven
| | belive | "to remain" | belove | | beliven
| | toslive | "to split" | toslove | | tosliven
| | gripe | "to seize" | grope | | grippen
| | ripe | "to reap" | rope | | rippen
| | nipe | "to darken" | nope | | nippen
| | swike | "to deceive" | swoke | | swicken
| | blike | "to shine" | bloke | | blicken
| | sike | "to sigh" | soke | | sicken
| | snike | "to sneak" | snoke | | snicken
| | whine | "to whine" | whone | | whinen
| | rine | "to touch" | rone | | rinen
| | chine | "to crack" | chone | | chinen
| | yine | "to yawn" | yone | | yinen
| | thwine | "to grow" | thwone | | thwinen
| | dwine | "to dwindle" | dwone | | dwinen
| | aquine | "to diminish" | aquone | | aquinen
| | mithe | "to avoid" | mothe | | mithen
| | writhe | "to twist" | wrothe | | writhen
| | lithe | "to go" | lothe | | lidden
| | snithe | "to cut" | snothe | | snidden
| | shrithe | "to glide" | shrothe | | shridden
| | agrise | "to be afraid" | agrose | | agrisen
| | stie | "to ascend" | stoe | | stien
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Class II
| leese | "to lose" | lose | | lorn
| | forleese | "to lose" | forlose | | forlorn
| | freeze | "to freeze" | froze | | frorn
| | dreeze | "to fall" | droze | | drorn
| | reeze | "to fall" | roze | | rorn
| | creep | "to creep" | crope | | cropen
| | beed | "to command" | bode | | boden
| | reed | "to adorn" | rode | | roden
| | leed | "to grow" | lode | | loden
| | neet | "to use" | note | | notten
| | breet | "to break" | brote | | brotten
| | fleet | "to float" | flote | | flotten
| | greet | "to weep" | grote | | grotten
| | leet | "to cast lots" | lote | | lotten
| | spreet | "to sprout" | sprote | | sprotten
| | theet | "to howl" | thote | | thotten
| | athreet | "to tire" | athrote | | athrotten
| | smeek | "to smoke" | smoke | | smoken
| | reek | "to smoke" | roke | | roken
| | seethe | "to seathe" | sothe | | sodden
| | | (also sod)
| | luck | "to lock" | loke | | loken
| | suck | "to suck" | soke | | soken
| | sup | "to sup" | sope | | sopen
| | brew | "to brew" | brow | | brown
| | chew | "to chew" | chow | | chown
| | choose | "to choose" | chose | | coren
| | | | | (also corn)
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Class III
| thind | "to swell" | thound | | thounden
| | rind | "to push" | round | | rounden
| | thring | "to throng" | thrang | | thrungen
| | cring | "to fall" | crang | | crungen
| | swink | "to toil" | swank | | swunken
| | lin | "to desist" | lan | | lunen
| | spin | "to spin" | span | | spunen
| | lim | "to resound" | lam | | lumen
| | crim | "to cram" | cram | | crumen
| | shrim | "to shrink" | shram | | shrumen
| | limp | "to happen" | lamp | | lumpen
| | rimp | "to wrinkle" | ramp | | rumpen
| | climb | "to climb" | clamb | | clumben |
(also clomb clomben)
| burn | "to burn" | barn | | burnen
| | melt | "to melt" | malt | | molten
| | swelt | "to die" | swalt | | swolten
| | delve | "to delve" | dalve | | dolven
| | swell | "to swell" | swall | | swollen
| | bell | "to bellow" | ball | | bollen
| | yell | "to yell" | yall | | yollen
| | help | "to help" | halp | | holpen
| | yield | "to yield" | yold | | yolden
| | smart | "to smart" | smort | | smorten
| | swarve | "to polish" | sworve | | sworven
| | carve | "to carve" | corve | | corven
| | sharve | "to gnaw" | shorve | | shorven
| | wharve | "to turn" | whorve | | whorven
| | starve | "to starve" | storve | | storven
| | darve | "to labour" | dorve | | dorven
| | swark | "to darken" | swork | | sworken
| | bark | "to bark" | bork | | borken
| | yarr | "to sound" | yorr | | yorren
| | asilk | "to slacken" | asalk | | asolken
| | burst | "to burst" | barst | | borsten
| | thresh | "to thresh" | thrash | | throshen
| | mourn | "to mourn" | marn | | mornen
| | spurn | "to spurn" | sparn | | spornen
| | worth | "to become" | warth | | worden
| | | | | (also worthen )
| | thee | "to thrive" | thoe | | thungen
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Class IV
| thwear | "to stir" | thwore | | thworen
| | | | | (also thworn)
| | heal | "to conceal" | hole | | holen
| | queal | "to die" | quole | | quolen
| | nim | "to take" | name | | numen
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Class V
(also sat setten/sitten )
| mete | "to mete" | mate | | meten
| | freat | "to for-eat" | frate | | freaten |
(also fret)
| queath | "to say" | quath | | queathen
| (also quoth/quod quothen )
| dreep | "to slay" | drape | | dreepen
| (also drope dropen)
| knead | "to knead" | knade | | kneaden
| | sweve | "to sleep" | swave | | sweven
| | speak | "to speak" | spake | | speaken
| (also spoke spoken)
| break | "to break" | brake | | breaken
| (also broke broken)
| wreak | "to wreak" | wrake | | wreaken
| (also wroke wroken)
| weave | "to weave" | wave | | weaven
| (also wove woven)
| tread | "to tread" | trade | | treaden
| (also trode/trod troden/trodden)
| shreep | "to scrape" | scrape | | shreepen
| | lease | "to glean" | lase | | leasen
| | nease | "to be saved" | nase | | neasen
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Class VI
| fare | "to fare" | foor/fore | | faren
| | ache | "to ache" | ooche/oche | | achen
| | bake | "to bake" | book/boke | | baken
| | grave | "to dig" | groove/grove | | graven
| | shave | "to shave" | shoove/shove | | shaven
| | lade | "to lade" | lood/lode | | laden
| | cale | "to be cold" | cool/cole | | calen
| | gale | "to sing" | gool/gole | | galen
| | spane | "to allure" | spoon/spone | | spanen
| | wade | "to go" | wood/wode | | waden
| | wash | "to wash" | woosh/wosh | | washen
| | heave | "to heave" | hoove/hove | | heaven
| (also hoven)
| shape | "to shape" | shoop/shope | | shapen
| | step | "to step" | stoop/stope | | stapen
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(also stopen)
(also wex)
| shathe | "to scathe" | shood/shode | | shathen
| | gnaw | "to gnaw" | gnew | | gnawn
| | thway | "to wash" | thwew | | thwain
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Class VII
| hote | "to call" | hight | | hotten
| | shed | "to shed" | sheed | | shoden
| | let | "to let" | let | | letten
| | fang | "to seize" | feng | | fangen
| | gang | "to go" | geng | | gangen
| | bland | "to mix" | blend | | blanden
| | ban | "to summon" | been | | banen
| | span | "to join" | speen | | spanen
| | loke | "to play" | leek | | laken
| | walk | "to walk" | welk | | walken
| | salt | "to salt" | selt | | salten
| | wall | "to boil" | well | | wallen
| | wax | "to grow" | wex | | waxen
| | hold | "to hold" | held | | holden
| | fold | "to fold" | feld | | folden
| | wold | "to wield" | weld | | wolden
| | stold | "to have" | steld | | stolden
| | bloot | "to sacrifice" | bleet | | blooten
| | wroot | "to root up" | wreet | | wrooten
| | whoop | "to threaten" | wheep | | whoopen
| | roop | "to shout" | reep | | roopen
| | flook | "to clap" | fleek | | flooken
| | swoop | "to sweep" | sweep | | swoopen
| | crow | "to crow" | crew | | crown
| | wow | "to blow" | wew | | wown
| | mow | "to mow" | mew | | mown
| | sow | "to sow" | sew | | sown
| | glow | "to glow" | glew | | glown
| | flow | "to flow" | flew | | flown
| | low | "to low" | lew | | lown
| | row | "to row" | rew | | rown
| | spow | "to succeed" | spew | | spown
| | swough | "to sound" | sweigh | | swoon
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